Treatment of cancerSurgical procedures
The following are four operations to remove breast cancer, but there are several variations. The operation advised depends on the size and extent of the tumor and its appearance when seen under the microscope. For tumors up to a certain stage, a large-scale operation does not give greater chance of survival than a more conservative operation. At present, it is most often recommended procedures of the type of excision of tumors, followed by radiation.
The patient and doctor should discuss the reconstruction of the breast before reaching a decision on the kind of operation to be done.
Excision of a tumor
In this operation, only if you remove the tumor and a small amount of surrounding tissue and some lymph nodes in the armpit of the affected side. The following is the excision to radiation and often chemotherapy.
1. It is a small incision on the tumor.
2. Remove the tumor itself and a small portion of adjacent tissue and suture up the incision.
3. The scar is barely noticeable and is located within a small depression.
Partial mastectomy
In this case, you remove one part of the breast tissue that contains the tumor. As above, draw up some lymph nodes of the armpit, it will follow, probably, some sessions of radiotherapy.
1. They are the incisions necessary for the removal of the breast tissue as well as lymph nodes from the armpit.
2. Remove the tumor itself and a lot of skin and adjacent tissue. Suture up the incision.
3. The resulting scar is clearly visible, the breast is usually smaller than before and with a depression.
Subcutaneous mastectomy
In this transaction, removes itself throughout the internal fabric of the breasts, but left to the nipple and as much skin as possible. It is then a silicone implant. Shall be examined carefully the lymph nodes of the armpits and may draw out some of them for biopsy. Alternatively, it is also removes skin and nipple - what is known as the roof structure but simple. The breast will be reconstructed later.
1. It is often the incision under the breast.
2. Remove the tumor itself and all or nearly all of the breast tissue.
3. It is in the midst of a silicone implant in order to restore the appearance. 4. Suture up the incision. The resulting scar is commonly located under the breast.
Modified radical mastectomy
Remove the whole within itself and all the lymph nodes of the armpit in a single block of tissue, if possible, leaving the muscles of the chest stay in place. The heart can rebuild itself later. Rarely is remove the muscles of the chest.
1. It is a large elliptical incision, which tracks the entire breast and extends up to the armpit. Cut up the whole fabric of the sinus to the chest muscles, together with the axillary lymph nodes. It was then suture the incision.
2. It is a big scar through the heart.
3. May be the reconstruction later, using a portion of skin and fat underpinning of a location close to the chest, and making the encorporação of a silicone implant, with the nipple reconstruction.
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